What is an Addict?

An addict is a person who suffers from addiction—a chronic, relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive substance use or engagement in a behavior despite harmful outcomes. Addiction affects brain function and behavior, leading to an inability to control the use of drugs, alcohol, or engagement in compulsive behaviors like gambling.

In the context of substance abuse, an addict often develops tolerance, requiring increasing amounts of the substance to achieve the desired effect, and experiences withdrawal symptoms when not using. This cycle of dependency can severely impact physical and mental health, relationships, work, and daily life functioning.

Addiction is classified as a medical condition that involves complex interactions between brain circuits, genetics, the environment, and an individual’s life experiences. Treatment for addicts often requires a comprehensive approach, including medical detox, behavioral therapy, medication-assisted treatment (MAT), and ongoing support through recovery programs.

Using the term “addict” can carry stigmatizing connotations. Many healthcare professionals and recovery advocates prefer person-first language, such as “person with a substance use disorder,” to emphasize dignity and humanity over the disease.